ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the estrogenic effect on the maturation index of hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women (PMW). Methods: The maturation indexes (MI) were evaluated based on vaginal cytology which was classified into no, low, moderate and high MI. Results: There were 70 PMW who were not on HRT evaluated for controls. There were 66%, 23%, 7% and 4% of them had no, low, moderate and high MI. There were 18 PMW who used transdermal estrogen patch or gel. It was found that 0%, 66%, 17% and 17% of them had no, low, moderate and high MI. There were 42 PMWs who were given oral hormonal tablets. It was found that 7%, 33%, 53% and 7% of them had no, low, moderate and high MI. Conclusion: Hormonal replacement therapy whether via patch, gel or oral intake resulted in changes in maturation index in postmenopausal women.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recombinant activated factor VII is used for the treatment in patients with inherited or acquired hemophilia with inhibitors and congenital factor VII deficiencies. OBJECTIVE: Using recombinant activated factor VII in primary postpartum hemorrhage. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Two cases of women who had postpartum hemorrhage and were treated with recombinant activated factor VII after all conventional treatment failed. RESULTS: The intractable hemorrhage stopped after treatment with recombinant activated factor VII CONCLUSION: The present report showed that massive postpartum hemorrhage that failed to all procedures was controlled successfully by recombinant activated factor VII.
Subject(s)
Adult , Factor VIIa/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Postpartum Hemorrhage/drug therapy , Pregnancy , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use , Treatment Failure , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess the attitude and acceptance of Thai women attending menopause clinics on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) after the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) publication. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A standardized questionnaire was used to assess attitude and acceptance of HRT in 1,206 women who visited menopause clinics in six hospitals between September 2005 and February 2006. RESULTS: Of the total respondents, 92% were in the age of 40-70 years, 75% were in their peri- and post menopause, 25% were current users and the average duration of hormone use was 5.6 +/- 5.3 years. The women's perception of hormone benefits on osteoporosis prevention, skin improvement, and hot flashes treatment were 39.1%, 31.7%, and 28.9%, respectively. The most common concern of hormone use was malignancy. Hormone side effects were found to be the most common reason for switching hormone regimen. Of all the past users, 85% stopped HRT because they changed to another treatment regimen. Only 3.7% had been aware the WHI, of which 43.5% were influenced by its results. The most common source of HRT information was from doctors. For the ever users, 72.3% had some knowledge about HRT. CONCLUSION: The present survey revealed that very few women had been aware of the WHI study. Nevertheless, the prevalence of HRT current users was lower compared to a prior survey before the WHI publication. Doctors appeared to be the important source of HRT information, which may indirectly have an influence over women's attitude and acceptance on HRT.